Defragmentation in Technology with Concepts in Theoretical...

The purpose of this paper is to juxtapose the idea of ‘Fragmentation’ in technology with concepts in theoretical philosophy. The concept of ‘Fragmentation’ Fragmentation is a technological phenomenon which occurs in computers. The process takes place in the hard disk when a file or data is being deleted or saved or changed. The changes made are being saved at another location, different from the location where the original file is being stored. Additional changes keep getting saved at different locations leading to fragmentation of both the data and the hard disk. Due to this, the computer slows down as it has to locate all broken pieces of a file (or information) and arrange them in an order. Now, hypothetically replace a†¦show more content†¦To simplify this, disk defragmentation brings all the changes to the word file saved at multiple locations to a single location in a certain order and arranges the modification in a matrix. This makes it easier for the computer to locate data faster with more efficiency. It reduces the extra energy and time that is being taken to find the scattered pieces of information. Now, the process of disk defragmentation could be connected to an exercise like meditation. Meditation acts therapeutically as a cure to the inefficiency of the mind. Meditation is a tool used to have a tryst with eternal enlightenment and delete all forms of negative radiations within the peripheries of human mind. Due to fragmentation our ideas, thoughts and judgements are spread in an uneven pattern in our mind and we find it hard to reach a conclusion during unfavourable circumstances and we choose the short-cut of ignoring the problem. But, as we know ignorance can help only in the â€Å"short term†, eventually one has to seek long-term solutions to problems. Reuben Blades has said – â€Å"I think we risk becoming the best informed society that has ever died of ignorance.†Ignorance not only leads to the degradation of a society but also an individual being. The process of meditation is just like disk defragmentation, it re-arranges the thoughts in the matrix of our minds. It keeps all the arguments that self-contradict in the desired order and propriety, making us capable enough to distinguish

Colonization and its Impacts Free Essays

In addition to this the first wave was caused by the lust for gold, glory, and mercantilism. The second wave had the desire to secure sources of raw materials and to educate and save the native people. The colonization of Africa happened between the 1 ass’s and 1 ass’s. We will write a custom essay sample on Colonization and its Impacts or any similar topic only for you Order Now African societies put up forms of resistance to fight against the attempt to colonize their countries. In despite of the fight, most of Africa had been colonized by European powers. When the European imperialist pushed into Africa it was titivated by three main factors which were social, political, and economic. Africans were used by the Europeans as a source of salves, raw materials, and riches. The imposition of colonialism on Africa would alter its history forever. There modes of thought, and ways of life were impacted by the change. Prior to the â€Å"scramble for Africa,† their economies were advancing in every area, mostly in the area of trade. The colonizing of Africa was to exploit the physical, human, and economic resources of an area that would benefit the longing nation. Before the colonization, Africa was not economically isolated from the rest of the world. The African states engaged in international trade and the West Africa had specifically developed extensive trading systems. After Livingston opened African the Western missionaries moved in by the thousands. Benefits of the missionaries being involved were hospitals, colleges, schools, development projects, abolition of slavery, and improved agricultural methods. With all these benefits you would think it was he best thing that has ever happened, but with all these benefits it came with a cost. European colonialism brought many things to Africa to include rails and roads but it also cut brought conflicts in the societies today. When the rails and roads were put up, it cut the African continent up into several administrative units. In doing this it created a drag on its development but with everything going on in Africa the main conflicts cannot be blamed on colonialism. The African leaders and their greed to satisfy their riches, their ironies and their families is what puts an impact and conflicts in the world today. How to cite Colonization and its Impacts, Papers

Non Verbal Castaway Essay Example For Students

Non Verbal Castaway Essay -1Heather Sipes STD 120 7/13/2010 Non-Verbal Paper Cast Away What we communicate linguistically only makes up 7% of what we are actually saying; non-verbal communication makes up the other 93%. The message is expressed primarily through non-verbal communication, (NVC). In communication with people close to us, our NVC can hold more emphasis than the verbal. NVC is communicated through ten primary channels and are often unconscious, multi-channeled, and continuous. The ten primary channels consist of: facial displays, eye behaviors, movements and gestures, touch, vocal, smell, space, physical appearance, time, and artifacts. Cast Away is a movie about a man, Chuck Noland, who is obsessed with time. His whole demeanor throughout the beginning sections of the movie advocate that his life is ruled by the clock. As he gives a speech to employees in a foreign country his non-verbal communication reveals his message, the interpreter translates the verbal, but each channel of non-verbal forcefully conveys it. He is a collected, powerful man who is passionate about his work and the ideals that exist within that. When Chuck is washed up onto an island, his concept of living, along with his watch, are flooded. He isn’t communicating directly with anyone, but his NVC is displaying his emotions to those watching the movie. He doesn’t have to say, â€Å"I am scared. † his facial displays, eye behavior, and gestures convey the message properly. Sequentially through the movie his NVC is almost the only means of communication. One of the ten channels of NVC is facial displays; the face communicates more information than any other channel. When his plane crashes and his seclusion begins, his life boat washes ashore. His face is contorted, mouth open, and his forehead scrunched. He is in disbelief, or shock at what is happening. Within minutes his forehead becomes more distressed and his eye behavior becomes erratic; he begins to soothe himself by â€Å"self touching. † He rubs his fingers against each other; he is moving from shock closer to fear. Instinctually, he picks up the packages and drudges around in a daze. He vocally calls out â€Å"Hello. † The word is not as important as the vocal behavior; he is inherently calling out to no one. His tone and inflection seem hesitant at first, but quickly he emphasizes the articulation and meter, suggesting irritation in his tone. Throughout the movie, the channels of NVC convey to the watcher how Chuck is adapting, i. . , how much time has passed, his personal journey, and his change in ideals, etc. When he gets on the plane, his clothes are fitted, he is wearing long pants, socks, shoes, an undershirt, a button up dress shirt, and a sweater. His hair is short and facial hair nearly non-existent. After he crashes he is soaked, weighted down, his s weater is stretched, pants are hanging past his feet, he has lost his shoes and only has one sock. Quickly, he adapts to his environment; his pants get shorter, his shirt comes off, he commandeers shoes and alters them for his benefit. His hair begins to get longer, which is very evident in his facial hair, and his skin starts to show sun spots and become tan. As four years pass he is wearing nearly nothing, his hair is savage like, long, untrimmed, and not maintained. His skin is so tanned he appears leathery, and he has lost so much weight his skin hangs off of his bones. His appearance, and artifacts help distinguish time, and how he has adapted and learned to survive over it. The way he moves and gestures as he learns to develop his survival skills display many different emotions and events that guide him. .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .postImageUrl , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:hover , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:visited , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:active { border:0!important; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:active , .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1 .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc20a4c07e41c8d2779430f7759a198f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Danger in Trifles EssayWhen he begins each obstacle he is very frustrated but determined. As he tries to break the coconut he is flailing about, desperately trying to grasp a workable concept. Same with when he tries to make fire, and catch fish. As he gets closer to an answer he becomes more focused and excited. He gasps for breath, his mouth forms closer to a smile than a frown. His posture becomes straighter with a rigid determination. His communication with ‘Wilson’ evolves overtime to shows how he learned to meet his need for interaction. In the beginning he is hesitant to talk to he volleyball. His voice catches, his body is curiously stiff and scare d. His eyes display a fear that he is going crazy. Overtime he openly communicates with Wilson, liking him to a best friend. He begins discussion day to day activities, plans, strategies, Wilson becomes his right hand man. Even as he forges out to sea Wilson is with him. He vocally communicates with Wilson and non verbally communicates to the viewing audience the relationship he has formed with Wilson. His inflection in his voice, his pitch, and tone go from hesitant to comfortable. His gestures begin in the direction of Wilson, and evolve into gestures to Wilson. He begins to touch Wilson with an affectionate, care-giving touch. Finally, his connection between time and artifacts changes overtime. When he drifted ashore, he began to collect packages because it was important to him. It was instinct to give the packages significance because it was such a large part of his ideals. As time passed he opened the packages to use the things in them, he opened all the packages but one. He kept one package sealed to hold onto hope and his ideals. To conclude the movie he displays that even throughout the self discovery and forced transformation he held onto something. The movie Cast Away is an ideal representation of how important non-verbal communication is. For a good portion of the movie Chuck does not speak, everything the audience gathers from him is displayed through his non verbal channels. One can still pick up when he is angry, scared, happy, excited, or mad. This is not done by his interaction and conversations with others, but by means such as his face, eyes, gestures, and voice.

Stressing The Importance Of Male And Female Education Essays

Stressing The Importance of Male and Female Education Different people have different ideas and opinions as to whether it is more important to educate boys or girls. Some believe that the education of boys is more important than that of the girls, and meanwhile others disagree. In reality, the choice depends on what country, culture, or society we are talking about. In many nations including many Asian countries, tradition demands that men provide the family with income, food, clothing, etc., and women perform the usual household business such as cooking, cleaning, washing, and taking care of children. In such societies it seems logical that there is more stress on the priority of men's education rather than women, since it is the male that requires the needed education to succeed, survive, and thrive. It is perceived in these countries that education is not of vital importance to women since they ?are not? supposed to work outside the house, and that their primary duty is to take care of the family and kids. However in modern societies and nations, the situation differs. Now days more countries are inclined towards modernization. The general moral philosophy of these nations is equality amongst men and women; therefore, this means equal business, industrial, and occupational opportunities for both the men and women. Based on these facts, it is vital to put of equal stress on the education of men and women for this will insure that females and males perform their tasks professionally and adequately. In my opinion, the edification of men and women has to be equally emphasized because today's technological and economical advanced world require fully educated, experienced, and versatile citizens regardless of their gender. And this can be only achieved through sufficient education of both men and women. The importance of todays society is to improve the reaction time interview tested techniques of the oriental and occidental countries and continents. Submitted By: Omid A. Javid

The Holy Land

The Holy Land The region generally encompassing territory from the River Jordan in the east to the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and from the Euphrates River in the north to the Gulf of Aqaba in the south, was considered the Holy Land by medieval Europeans. The city of Jerusalem was of especially sacred significance  and continues to be so, to Jews, Christians and Muslims. A Region of Sacred Significance For millennia, this territory had been considered the Jewish homeland, originally encompassing the joint kingdoms of Juda and Israel that had been founded by King David. In c. 1000 B.C.E., David conquered Jerusalem and made it the capital; he brought the Ark of the Covenant there, making it a religious center, as well. Davids son King Solomon had a fabulous temple built in the city, and for centuries Jerusalem flourished as a spiritual and cultural center. Through the long and tumultous history of the Jews, they never stopped considering Jerusalem to be the single most important and holiest of cities. The region has spiritual meaning for Christians because it was here that Jesus Christ lived, traveled, preached and died. Jerusalem is especially sacred because it was in this city that Jesus died on the cross and, Christians believe, rose from the dead. The sites that he visited, and especially the site believed to be his tomb, made Jerusalem the most important objective for medieval Christian pilgrimage. Muslims see religious value in the area because it is where monotheism originated, and they recognize Islams monotheistic heritage from Judaism. Jerusalem was originally the place toward which Muslims turned in prayer, until it was changed to Mecca in the 620s C.E. Even then, Jerusalem retained significance to Muslims because it was the site of Muhammads night journey and ascension. The History of Palestine This region was also sometimes known as Palestine, but the term is a difficult one to apply with any precision. The term Palestine derives from Philistia, which was what the Greeks called the land of the Philistines. In the 2nd century C.E. the Romans used the term Syria Palaestina to indicate the southern part of Syria, and from there the term made its way into Arabic. Palestine has post-medieval significance; but in the Middle Ages, it was rarely used by Europeans in connection with the land they considered sacred. The profound importance of the Holy Land to European Christians would lead Pope Urban II to make the call for the First Crusade, and thousands of devout Christians answered that call.

A Summary on Perseverance

I know many people who persevered in their life. If you look at their biography you will see that they were very successful because they never give up. Many people don’t have that much confident in them so they give up so easily. Well I also persevered in my life. I didn’t give up at that time I wanted to give up but I was brave enough not to give up. our greatest glory is not in never failing but, in raising up every time we fail by Ralph Emerson. â€Å"Fall seven times stand up eight† this quote stands for perseverance and as well as for Mr. Abraham Lincoln. Mr. Lincoln persevered by â€Å"NEVER GIVING UP†. Mr. Lincoln went through many troubles in his life but he persevered and become the 16th president of the United States of America. Mr. Lincoln’s life went through like this. In 1831 he failed in business but he didn’t give u and tried again bidding for congress in 1843 but unfortunately he lost his bid for congress. In 1855 he tried again for the run of senate but he lost the run. Still he didn’t give up later in 1856 he got elected for vice president but unluckily he got defeated for Vice President. Well because Mr. Lincoln persevered in his life so in 1860 Mr. Abraham Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States. Mr. Lincoln was confident enough not to give up because he knew that one day he will success in his life and he did. He was brave and he had â€Å"STRONG Belief†. I also persevered in my life. I tried and tried until I reached my goal. When I came to us the first time I knew enough English to understand the teacher and work well but it was hard for me to adjust in a different in a different lifestyle well somehow I tried but failed. I didn’t felt like trying again but my mom encouraged me to try and try hard until I reach my goal. My mom was my strength. I tried and tried hard to adjust in U. S and after one year I adjusted and I felt like I’m here since I was born. This showed that â€Å"I never gave up† I reached my goal by trying over and over again. Every single person in this world went through many up’s and down’s in their lives but many fought and succeed but many gave up. â€Å"Just because you fail once in life doesn’t mean you will fail every time†. â€Å"As long as you persevere and endure, we can get whatever we want†. You should never give up in life like Mr. Abraham Lincoln and I didn’t gave up until we got what we wanted. So if you persevere in your life you will get it done soon. what I prefer is never give up in life. we all learn from over mistakes, so learn from your mistakes and go on try it again.

TuneCore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

TuneCore - Essay Example This means that tune core do not charge a portion of the sales which can be expressed as a percentage. The artists then keep for themselves all earnings they get from all the online stores. TuneCore also offer publishing services to make sure that artists get compensations properly when any of their music is used on the web. This publishing administration is however, available for $75 fee which is paid once. Then the artists are able to access the Content ID on YouTube and many artists through these services have succeeded a lot especially in the YouTube marketplace to market and sell their videos (TuneCore Blog 2013). These artists working with TuneCore are able to earn a lot of royalties from their music downloads and music streams. This has led to expansion of TuneCore revenue base and general marketing and music distribution. Schwartz (2013) says that tapping into INDmusic was a great advantage to TuneCore in expanding its business and increasing the number of their retail customers; that is the number of artists. The company was then able to collect revenue from advertisements on YouTube on behalf of their artists. TuneCore was able to help their artists put their music in other forms like movies and in shows in various televisions. Following this, there was a remarkable increase in royalties from publishing. Currently, the network of INDmusic covers a number of artists not less than 270. These artists then get the opportunity to utilize the reach of INDmusic and be able to pick up their personal visibility. With high demand generated by TuneCore’s services, their artists are able to collect royalties from several digital downloads and streams. What the artists have to do is write their songs and do a recording of them which later upload in audio form. This audio form of the song is then send to the various digital stores of music where fans of the artists can access and buy the song.

Complete Training Program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Complete Training Program - Assignment Example In a hotel environment, there are lots of issues taking place. However, after working the whole day in offices hence they require a lively class so that they do not fall victims. During class hours it is important to resort to interactive and experimental programs so that all the students would grab a little. In order for the program to be successfully completed with effective results, the program should run for six months being that the course is being conducted on the part-time basis. However, this will allow the student to fully complete both theory and practical tests to ascertain their competency in the lucrative field in the Hotel industry. Each and every student taking the course will have to submit a series of theory and practical assignments which will cater for 30% of the final examination at the end of the course. However, this does not mean that the students must dedicate all their efforts towards exams, but through their daily work performance to they will be able to earn points. This affirms that the training is not meant to equip the students with skills to pass the examination but also the ability to confidently work in any given situation with minimum superb vision. To ascertain that the course is well covered, I will not only look at the examination results but also the courage and confidence in the daily work, personal etiquette and customer service criterion among others. Being that learning is a process, I will include unplanned continuous assessment tests which do not require bookwork so that the real picture and efforts in mastering the study topics would be affirmed. First and foremost, learning after work is really tiresome especially in the food industry where there is hardly any rest till evening.

Psychodynamic Theory Essay Example for Free

Psychodynamic Theory Essay What Psychodynamic Theory Has to Contribute to Our Understanding of   Counselling in a Multicultural Society? If counsellors are to discern very well their clients of diverse backgrounds or culture and their place in a multicultural society, psychodynamic theory may be particularly helpful in this respect. Theories and techniques used in counselling are diverse and it is imperative for counsellors to know how to use their knowledge of psychodynamic theory in conceptualising systems for both counselling and therapy. In psychodynamic therapy, which is an approach in counselling based on psychoanalytic theories, it is postulated that conscious and unconscious influences mold human behavior and social relationships. This concept of the unconscious is often associated with Sigmund Freud whose contribution in psychoanalysis can not be discounted. Psychoanalytic theory though, is not exclusively Freudian. Freud’s brilliant ideas and theories, were controversial. His theories were under attack from many directions and it was a good thing though that from his perspectives, many other psychoanalytic theories emerged as well. Carl Jung was famous for his collective unconscious and his oriental approach was unorthodox for Western psychoanalytic theorists. D.D. Winnicott’s transitional objects and good- enough mothering for instance, are interesting contributions to psychoanalysis as well. It should be fascinating to explore these theorists’ contribution to systems and approaches of multicultural counselling. In as much as these theorists’ perspectives seem to have distinct or even conflicting orientations, we may have the chance to look upon their theories, in many ways, complementary in the practice of counselling in a multicultural society. Their theories can prove to be useful at any point in counselling (or therapy) sessions in understanding clients, their unique history, individual concerns, and understanding their behavior, the impact of their past experiences to their present condition in life, and some of their underlying motives and beliefs. Sigmund Freud   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Psychoanalytic approaches to therapy and counselling originated from the works of Sigmund Freud. He viewed that people are driven by unconscious influences, a part of their inner world of which they are not aware of. He theorised that repressed unconscious thoughts and feelings could manifest through dreams, fantasies and odd behavior. Until after these repressed forbidden desires, hurtful memories and experiences are brought to conscious awareness, these were presumed to lead to irrational and maladaptive behavior. Based on this concept, effective counsellors can effectively draw upon these repressed thoughts and emotions through psychotherapy to ease their client’s depression or anxiety and to rebuild their client’s self-esteem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Freud’s concept of eros (sexual and life instincts) and thanatos (aggressive and death instincts) are considered motivating factors of personality, with the term libido referring to basic energy of life associated with Eros. Troubled individuals may manifest death instincts through destructive behavior such as, alcoholism, substance abuse, aggression (towards self or others), and even suicide.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Freud theorised that the individual’s behavior is assumed to result from the interaction of three components of the personality: id, ego, and superego. The id is said to be the source of instinctual drives and operate in terms of the pleasure principle. It is capable of eliciting mental images and wish-fulfilling fantasies (Coleman, 1980).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second personality component is the ego, which intercedes between the demands of the id and the external world, and operates in terms of the reality principle. For instance, Freud believed that sexual or aggressive tendencies are in conflict with society’s rules and prohibitions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was clever of Freud to introduce the third personality component, which is the superego, or commonly known as conscience. If one has learned and adapted to the moral demands of society, the individual would have a better grasp of what is right from wrong. The superego serves as personality’s system of control to inhibit immoral desires.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Freud believed in the interplay between the id, ego and superego, and how it becomes crucial to behavior. Inner conflicts may arise because the id, ego and superego are striving for different goals. Inner conflicts could manifest as a mental disorder if not resolved. Another important psychoanalytic concept of Freud is defense mechanisms. For him, whatever pains or anxieties are eased by distorting reality, if one can not deal with it rationally (Coleman, et.al., p. 54). Therefore, an individual’s distorted perception of reality poses behavior problems. This only happens though when the ego can no longer cope with the pain or anxiety by rational measures. Freud’s contribution to developmental psychology is his theory on five Psychosexual stages: the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.   He believed that these stages of development could determine one’s defenses, anxieties, and impulses. A child who has been deprived of fully experiencing any of these stages may suffer fixation at that stage of development. The first three stages of development, the oral, anal, and phallic stages, are the most crucial, as one’s personality is molded at this time. If fixation happens at any point during this period, then the child would likely develop distinct personality type. From birth to 1 year (oral stage), the mouth is the principal erogenous zone and it is assumed that an infant’s greatest source of gratification is sucking. If the caregiver is overindulgent or depriving, then the child is likely to develop fixation at this stage. Some traits associated with overindulgence are optimism, manipulativeness, boldness and admiration. On the other hand, deprivation would lead to traits such as pessimism, suspiciousness, self-belittlement, passivity, and jealousy. Further, as Freud theorised, fixation at this stage, or when the individual did not receive adequate oral gratification during infancy, the individual is predisposed to excessive drinking or eating in adult life. When the child is about 18 months to 3 years (anal stage), the anus and rectum are considered to be the primary sources of pleasure. Either an excessive demand or permissiveness from a child’s caregiver, will lead to the development of anal personality. Other psychological problems that are thought to arise from this stage are obsessive-compulsivity and paranoia. During the phallic stage, or when the child is about 3 to 6 years old, the penis or clitoris is assumed to be the major source of pleasurable sensation. At this stage, the child learns to manipulate the genitals and becomes curious about the opposite sex. Curiously enough, Freud also believed that it is at this stage when the child develops intense sexual feelings for the parent of the opposite sex, or otherwise known as Oedipus and Electra complex. The Oedipal complex is the perception that boys desire to possess their mother. Freud thought that boys have incestuous cravings for their mother, even sees their father as rival, but they have fear that the father will harm them (castration anxiety). Likewise, the Electra complex is the assumption that girls desire their father, and want to replace their mother. The fear of the same-sex parent leads to sublimation of their sexual attraction for the opposite sex parent into non-sexual love, and they learn to identity instead to their same-sex parent.   For either sex, it imperative for them to resolve the conflict, such that when they enter young adulthood stage, they are likely to have a satisfactory heterosexual relationship. In the years from 6 to 12 (latency stage), sexual motivations are put aside and the child channels his energy into school, play, shared activities with friends, and sports. Finally, the genital stage, which is from puberty onwards, the deepest feelings of pleasure come from heterosexual relations. At this stage, the individual channels his energy into socially acceptable ventures such as entering into romantic relationships, establishing friendships, career planning and also some recreational activities.   Freud’s cathartic hypnosis was popular during his time, but more than the technique of hypnosis as a therapeutic cure to psychological illnesses, was his concept that feelings were drawn from the unconscious. His contribution stands out in the sense that he was the one who developed techniques such as free association and dream analysis in dealing with both the conscious and unconscious aspects of mental health. Freud emphasized the role of the unconscious motives and ego-defense systems, and the importance of early childhood experiences in the personality adjustment and maladjustment of adults, as well as the relevance of sexual factors in human behavior and mental disorders (Coleman, et.al., p. 57). Freud’s techniques now used in contemporary psychodynamic counselling provide much deeper understanding of the (client’s) self, and can prove to be helpful in emotional, spiritual development and self-awareness. Carl Jung   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most original and controversial features of Jung’s theory on personality was the concept of collective unconscious. He theorised the existence of universally shared motives, drives, potentials, fears and symbols that human beings have more or less the same collective unconscious. Collective unconscious is defined as the â€Å"storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from one’s ancestral past† (Hall Lindzey, 1978, p. 119). Simply put, with this theory, there is probability of reviving experiences of past generations. â€Å"Humans are born with many predisposition for thinking, feeling, and perceiving according to definite patterns and contents that become actualized through individualized experiences† (Hall Lindzey).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If Freud’s â€Å"unconscious mind† is often associated with repressed forbidden desires, hurtful memories and experiences, Jung’s collective unconscious is a vast resource of subliminal contents and potential, which includes the â€Å"wisdom and experience of uncounted centuries, and laid down in its archetypal organs† (Jung, cited in Hall Lindzey, p.120). The collective unconscious can then serve a very good purpose to the individual. But, if this ignored by the ego, â€Å"the unconscious may disrupt the conscious rational processes by seizing hold of them and twisting them into distorted forms (Hall Lindzey, p.120).   Instances of irrational behavior could arise such as phobias and delusions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jung believed that the individual achieves completeness or wholeness only as fantasies, images and dreams from the personal and collective unconscious become accessible to the conscious self (Coleman, et.al., p.58).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jung’s concept of archetypes refers to patterns of behavior within the unconscious mind. The most common of these archetypes are the persona, shadow, self, and anima and animus. The persona is tantamount to the social personality the â€Å"face† an individual has in his social relationships. A healthy persona could then mean good adaptation to the demands of society or the environment where one belongs. In some respects, Jung’s concept of the persona is similar to Freud’s superego. The shadow has some resemblance to Freud’s concept of the id. It is considered the hidden or dark side of personality that sometimes the individual is not even aware of. This part of the psyche would be difficult to accept. If a certain trait of another distress an individual, then this could be a reflection of his shadow. Traits such as laziness, attention-seeking, anger expression, etc., are usually kept from consciousness and is often projected to others. The self can be considered the sum total of one’s personality, the motivating factor of human behavior that causes one to constantly strive and attain wholeness. It was Jung’s view that the self can only emerge only if various aspects of the personality have fully developed (known as individuation) (Hall Lindzey, p. 124). Thus, this does not happen until one has reached middle age when one â€Å"begins to make a serious effort to change the center of personality from the conscious ego to one that is midway between consciousness and unconsciousness† (Hall Lindzey). Jung believed that one takes the journey toward individuation, spending almost half of his life individuating, and the second integrating. This concept has direct application and relevance to career counselling. Notice that most individuals who reach middle age begin to have more focus and sense of purpose, not wasting their time and energy where they do not fit or are not welcome, and extending effort only in activities that will lead them to their true calling. Somewhat parallel to Freud’s Oedipus and Electra complex which prove relevant to understanding one’s heterosexual adjustment is Jung’s anima and animus. This is much like the â€Å"yin and yang† of the Chinese, the masculine and feminine side of human personality. The role of biological hormones cannot be discounted, but from a Jungian perspective, this is more considered to be a product of racial experiences of man with woman and vice versa. Jung’s anima and animus may be of relevance in understanding man-woman relationships in a counselling setting. Man is supposed to â€Å"apprehend the nature of woman by virtue of his anima, and woman apprehends the nature of man by virtue of her animus† (Hall Lindzey, p. 123), and without regard to the real character of the other, their relationship will most likely lead to discord. Donald Winnicott   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The influential concepts of transitional objects, the good-enough mother and the true and false self are attributed to Winnicott. A transitional object is some sort of a security blanket for a child. It could be a favorite stuffed toy, baby blanket, pillow or any symbolic object that a child finds comfort in having. A transitional object helps a child cope with fear while their principal caregiver is away. The most influential person (object) during a child’s development would be the principal caregiver. In a counselling setting, the counselor serves as the transitional object, who gradually helps his client overcome frustrations and develop greater independence over time. The good-enough mother pertains to the principal caregiver whose parenting style fit the child’s developmental needs. Winnicott believed that caregivers have to be good-enough in providing the child’s needs, but not too much. They have to teach children as well to tolerate frustrations, and teach them the lesson of independence and self-sufficiency. Winnicott theorized that children’s needs, if not adequately met, could help develop a false self (this is somehow identical to Freud’s concept of fixation). On the other hand, when children’s needs are adequately provided, then, they are likely to develop a true self. A relationship based on trust, a relationship that is more real, will grow between the caregiver and the child. This concept may apply to counselor (or therapist)-client relationship. An effective counselor knows how to provide a safe â€Å"holding environment† for his client, and is adaptive to his client’s needs. The counselor knows how to respond to his client’s emotions with warmth and empathy, thus helping his client reveal his true self. References Coleman, James C., James N. Butcher and Robert C. Carson. Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life (6th ed.). Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Company. Dakai, S.H. (2003). â€Å"Addiction Counseling: Examination of Various Addiction Counseling and Therapy Approaches.† Journal of Addictive Disorders. Breining Institute. Hall, Calvin S. and Lindzey Gardner (1980). Theories of Personality (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley Sons. McGinnis, James D. and Kenneth R.Thomas (1991). The Psychoanalytic Theories of D.W. Winnicott as Applied to Rehabilitation. The Journal of Rehabilitation. 1 July 1991

Handwriting: More than Just Ink [Graphology] Essay -- essays research

Handwriting analysis is also known as graphology. Graphology is defined as the study of handwriting, especially as used to infer a person's character. The interest in handwriting as an expression of personality is as old as the practice itself. â€Å"Chinese philosophers have been fascinated with handwriting since ancient times and have been especially interested in the distinct styles of calligraphy produced by different writers† (Sackheim,1990, p. xv-xvi). The first methodical attempts to study handwriting took place in Italy in the beginning of the seventeenth century. Alderisius Prosper published in Bologna a study called Ideographia. Camillo Baldo soon after tried making a formal recording which presented a way for judging the nature of a writer from his letters. These were all lost. But they obviously attracted readers. It became practiced from â€Å"castle to castle† by people trying to make money from handwriting interpretations (Roman, 1952, p.3). The sur prising thing about graphology that is not all about handwriting analysis. â€Å"Graphology is the study of the graphic movement; it is not simply ‘handwriting analysis† (McNichol and Nelson, 1991, p. 23). This is why graphologists can also study doodles, drawings, sculptures, and paintings to infer a person’s character and the physical, mental, and emotional states of the subject. These creations are called brain prints. These reveal who we are, how we think, feel and behave. These mind x-rays are very evident in handwriting since we for the most part don’t think about how we write. Graphology is a good way to loosely judge people, who they truly might be. Whenever we take a write utensil and begin writing, much of what we’re doing comes naturally. This is an unconscious act. But there are times when we’ll change how we write certain letters because we like the other way of writing it more. This is a conscious effort. Both of these can be analyzed. The latter can be analyzed just as well as the former because it is a conscious effort of trying to change unconsciously to a certain trait. The style of the changed letter seems appealing because the characteristic does, unconsciously or consciously (McNichol et al, 1991). There are the fixed traits: IQ, aptitudes, temperament, and identity. And there are unfixed traits: ability... ...tremendously. I found out who the people around me are according to graphology. And it made me pick up on certain characteristics of myself that perhaps I need to change. If I change them in writing, eventually they will change in real life if I make that effort (McNichol et al , 1991) Bibliography Greasley, P. (2000). Handwriting analysis and personality assessment: the creative use of analogy, symbolism, and metaphor. European Psychologist., 5(1), 44-51. Koehler, Derek J., and Roy N. King. "Illusory Correlations in Graphological Inference." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied Vol. 6.4 (2000): 336-348. Roman, K. (1952). Handwriting: a key to personality. New York: Pantheon Books, Inc. Santoli, O. (1989). How to read handwriting. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc. McNichol, A., & Nelson, J. (1991). Handwriting analysis putting it to work for you. Chicago: Contemporary Books, Inc. Sackheim, K. (1990). Handwriting analysis and the employee selection process. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, Inc. Handwriting: More than Just Ink [Graphology] Essay -- essays research Handwriting analysis is also known as graphology. Graphology is defined as the study of handwriting, especially as used to infer a person's character. The interest in handwriting as an expression of personality is as old as the practice itself. â€Å"Chinese philosophers have been fascinated with handwriting since ancient times and have been especially interested in the distinct styles of calligraphy produced by different writers† (Sackheim,1990, p. xv-xvi). The first methodical attempts to study handwriting took place in Italy in the beginning of the seventeenth century. Alderisius Prosper published in Bologna a study called Ideographia. Camillo Baldo soon after tried making a formal recording which presented a way for judging the nature of a writer from his letters. These were all lost. But they obviously attracted readers. It became practiced from â€Å"castle to castle† by people trying to make money from handwriting interpretations (Roman, 1952, p.3). The sur prising thing about graphology that is not all about handwriting analysis. â€Å"Graphology is the study of the graphic movement; it is not simply ‘handwriting analysis† (McNichol and Nelson, 1991, p. 23). This is why graphologists can also study doodles, drawings, sculptures, and paintings to infer a person’s character and the physical, mental, and emotional states of the subject. These creations are called brain prints. These reveal who we are, how we think, feel and behave. These mind x-rays are very evident in handwriting since we for the most part don’t think about how we write. Graphology is a good way to loosely judge people, who they truly might be. Whenever we take a write utensil and begin writing, much of what we’re doing comes naturally. This is an unconscious act. But there are times when we’ll change how we write certain letters because we like the other way of writing it more. This is a conscious effort. Both of these can be analyzed. The latter can be analyzed just as well as the former because it is a conscious effort of trying to change unconsciously to a certain trait. The style of the changed letter seems appealing because the characteristic does, unconsciously or consciously (McNichol et al, 1991). There are the fixed traits: IQ, aptitudes, temperament, and identity. And there are unfixed traits: ability... ...tremendously. I found out who the people around me are according to graphology. And it made me pick up on certain characteristics of myself that perhaps I need to change. If I change them in writing, eventually they will change in real life if I make that effort (McNichol et al , 1991) Bibliography Greasley, P. (2000). Handwriting analysis and personality assessment: the creative use of analogy, symbolism, and metaphor. European Psychologist., 5(1), 44-51. Koehler, Derek J., and Roy N. King. "Illusory Correlations in Graphological Inference." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied Vol. 6.4 (2000): 336-348. Roman, K. (1952). Handwriting: a key to personality. New York: Pantheon Books, Inc. Santoli, O. (1989). How to read handwriting. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc. McNichol, A., & Nelson, J. (1991). Handwriting analysis putting it to work for you. Chicago: Contemporary Books, Inc. Sackheim, K. (1990). Handwriting analysis and the employee selection process. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, Inc.

Civil Disobedience: Cost of Change

Aila Pena Dr. Schuetze-Coburn Contemporary Composition, Period 5 March 4, 2013 Civil Disobedience: The cost of change More than 40,000 strong activists from the Sierra Club protested at the White House to reject the Keystone XL Pipeline proposal. They protested because they the extraction of tar sand oil and moving it from Canada to Texas will pollute the groundwater in the surface (Hammel). Civil disobedience is â€Å"the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power† (Civil Disobedience).Throughout history, civil disobedience was a way to get the people’s attention that the government’s idea is immoral and unfair. It is a way to make a change in law or policy and to take action in a non-violent resistance. The act of civil disobedience is effective in our society, for example, Mohandas Gandhi protest against the British rule for India’s independence, Martin Luther King, Jr. à ¢â‚¬â„¢s civil rights action, and the Sierra Club protest to neglect the Keystone XL pipeline.These titles,†On the Relation of the Individual to the State,† â€Å"Resistance to Civil Government,† Civil Disobedience,† and â€Å"A Yankee in Canada with Anti-Slave and Reform Papers,† have different title but all of them have the same concept. Henry David Thoreau’s concept of civil disobedience started at the Mexican-American war. He refused to pay taxes because he knows the taxes are going to the war and slavery. His action resulted being put in jail. In his focus of his beliefs in slavery and the war, he wrote an essay known as â€Å"Civil Disobedience. † According to Thoreau, the main idea of civil disobedience is about â€Å"unjust laws exist† (203).His essay means that sometimes the government make laws that are injustice and it is the people duty or right to stop the law that the government made. He explained what of civil disob edience is and how the people have the right to oppose an immoral state of the government. â€Å"Civil Disobedience† has two principles: first is the power of authority and second is the right of the people to disobey the unjust laws (Civil Disobedience-The History of the Concept). For many centuries, it had a great impact was and still is an important role around the world. Over the years, the Indians were furious and angry at the British authorities.Tensions rose between both the Indians and the British government due to the fight for the country and independence. A leader of the independence movement rose in India, Mohandas Gandhi. Gandhi perfected civil disobedience by using non-violent revolution and was influenced by Thoreau’s concept about civil disobedience. Example of Gandhi’s non-violent resistance, Gandhi’s form of nonviolent resistance was to influenced the Indians to refuse buying British goods and make their own product (Gandhi). The Indians got the British’s attention that they are going to be a problem economically.After many protest and mass demonstrations by Gandhi and the Indians, it caused them many innocent lives such as the Amristar Massacre. The British made a salt law, it means that they are the only one who can produce and sell salts. The Salt March was the key that change the Indians to their new modern life : On April 5, 1930 Gandhi and his satyagrahis reached the coast. After prayers were offered, Gandhi spoke to the large crowd. He picked up a tiny lump of salt, breaking the law. Within moments, the satyagrahis followed Gandhi's passive defiance, picking up salt everywhere along the coast.A month later, Gandhi was arrested and thrown into prison, already full with fellow protestors. The Salt March started a series of protests, closing many British shops and British mills. [†¦ ] The world embraced the satyagrahis and their non-violence, and eventually enabled India to gain their freedom from B ritain. (Benner) The protest brought down the British’s economy which caused the British government to leave the country. They gained their equality, freedom and independence. His protest drew the attention of millions of people around the world and influenced many countries to fight for what is right and moral.The most famous leader of civil rights movement is Martin Luther King, Jr. and the man who fought for the civil rights of the African-American people. He used a non-violent method to gained and protected the rights of African-American. It started on the refusal of buying at Alabama and refusal of seating at the back of the bus. One of the well known march he did was â€Å"more than 250,000 protesters to Washington, DC, where King delivered his famous ‘I have a dream’ speech in which he envisioned a world where people were no longer divided by race† (Tutu).Many civil rights protesters supported his belief that all race should have equality, freedom a nd justice. As Tutu continues to explain, he concluded that the â€Å"Congress enacted the Civil Rights Act in 1964. † It was a breakthrough for the African-American because it was a law that approved Martin Luther King’s goal to protect their rights. It became an American tradition to use civil disobedience in hundreds and hundreds of different movements. There are two sides in the controversy of Keystone XL Pipeline: TransCanada vs Sierra Club.The Sierra Club protest against the Keystone XL Pipeline because they believe that it is the reason for climate change and the destruction of the environment. The tar sand oil also known as the dirtiest oil will be extract from the ground like we dig deep through our closet to find the clothes we want to wear. TransCanada believe that their pipeline will not hurt the environment and the president stated: â€Å"the oil sands represent only one-tenth of 1 percent of global greenhouse emissions† (TransCanada Says Keystone X L Oil Pipeline Would Have No Measurable Effect on Global Warming).He argues to the protesters that the pipeline will only cause a little of gas emissions in the atmosphere. But the club is still not persuaded and still accepted the fact that it is a hazard. They are still resisting in a nonviolent method. Some Sierra Club members were arrested because â€Å"activists have placed themselves onto the north-facing fence of the White House to protest [†¦ ] has cuffed himself onto the fence† (48 Arrested at White House Fence in Opposition to Keystone XL). The act of the Sierra Club got the newspapers, American people and Obama’s attention.It is delaying the decision of President Obama and the State Department to approve or reject it. Another one reason why it is effective because they persuaded Obama to thwart: â€Å"Obama said he will use executive authority to cut greenhouse gas pollution if Congress fails to act† (TransCanada Says Keystone XL Oil Pipeline Wou ld Have No Measurable Effect on Global Warming). The protest made a change on persuading Obama even though the decision is still unknown by the State Department. In many occasions, civil disobedience have been effective throughout history and in the modern time.Civil disobedience is about people using violent and non-violent method to state that a law, demand and concept of the government is unfair. It is the first time that the Sierra Club done the act of civil disobedience and it took them more than 100 years to be where they’re at now. I predict that the Sierra Club will be successful in their goal to stop the tar sand oil project. They show potential hazard to our nature. They will also persuade the honorable President Barack Obama to make green jobs and use clean energy. Not that they will only succeed but they will also be an important event in the 21st century. The Works Cited 48 Arrested at White House Fence In Opposition to Keystone XL. † Tar Sands Blockade. Ta r Sands Blockade, 12 Feb. 2013. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Benner, Alana. â€Å"The Gandhi Salt March. † Gandhi Salt March: 1930. The Web Chronology Project, 12 Sept. 2003. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Civil Disobedience – The History Of the Concept. † N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Civil Disobedience. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Feb. 2013. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. Gandhi. Dir. Richard Attenborough. Perf. Ben Kingsley, John Gielgud, Candice Bergen. RCA/Columbia Home Video, 1983. VHS. Hammel, Paul. â€Å"Pros and Cons of Keystone XL Pipeline Aired One Last Time – Omaha. com. Omaha. com. N. p. , 5 Dec. 2012. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. Thoreau, Henry David. â€Å"Civil Disobedience. † 11th Grade Contemporary Composition Course. Ed. Los Angeles Unified School District. Los Angeles: LAUSD Secondary Literacy Branch, 2009. 203. Print. â€Å"TransCanada Says Keystone XL Oil Pipeline Would Have No Measureable Effect on Global Warming. † Washington Po st. Washington Post, 19 Feb. 2013. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. Tutu, Desmond. â€Å"Champion, Martin Luther King, Jr, Civil Rights Movement: United for Human Rights. † Champion, Martin Luther King, Jr, Civil Rights Movement: United for Human Rights. United for Human Rights, n. d. Web. 24 Feb. 2013.

The Untold Notions of American History

It is indeed a notable fact that the United States of America has been known to be a naturally independent and self-sufficient country since then. Historians have deliberately suggested that America is isolated from the rest of the world and that it has its own characters, ideologies and events that are all undoubtedly unique.This is the primary reason why American history is taught with the basis of chauvinistic perception- that America is autonomous from the start.If most historians or instructors resolved to that suggestion, Thomas Bender chose to stand up for what he thinks is the truth about America. In his book â€Å"A Nation among Nations: America’s Place in World History†, he persuasively narrated that America’s history must be seen and taught in a broader perspective instead of just focusing on its said â€Å"autonomy†.He proposed that the country’s history shouldn’t be treated as an entirely exceptional account because its triumphs and travails have also been experienced by other countries but in various ways.   Bender presented a more global view of America’s history by providing five key events, which he believes influenced the view of Americans today towards their country.First is the New World’s discovery wherein people from different points of compass arrived and settled in scattered regions of America primarily because of oceanic travel and trade. Next comes the â€Å"age of rebellion† or American Revolution which Bender depicted in the context of competition among empires.He pointed out that the significance of rivalry between Europe and the rise of nationalism in other countries is often neglected when it comes to teaching or retelling America’s history. Subsequently, when countries decided to redefine their core beliefs about the nature of freedom, the Civil War took place. Bender discussed this third event with apt concentration on the violence and cruelty which resulted to million deaths in America.He transparently pointed out that America underwent a violent process to build a strong nation. The fourth point that he tackled was the rise of imperialism which affected America against Spain, France, England, and Germany. The fifth and last point that he discussed was the response of America towards industrialism and urbanization during the 20th century.Bender believed that those five events were really vital in America’s history and that they must be taught in an unbiased manner. Meaning, they must not be desensitized for they contain unnoticed truths about the country. In the final chapter, Bender defied Americans to rethink their twisted notions of America’s history.He believed that viewing America as an â€Å"interdependent history with other histories† is helpful because it will justify the sense of identity of Americans.   Thomas Bender was indeed successful in showing that America has shaped and has been shaped by other countries and that under the power and consistency of America lays a deeply grounded truth: that is indeed a nation among nations.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Research Paper Example

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Research Paper Example The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Paper The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Paper Then wear the gold hat, If that will move her; If you can bounce high, bounce for her too, Till she cry Lover, gold-heated, high-bouncing lover, I must have you! This quote Is the epigraph of the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and It holds much meaning to what the novel Is about by foreshadowing part of the plot and Introducing a major theme and the setting. The pronouns used In this quote refer to specific characters In the novel; she refers to Daisy Buchannan, and the lover refers to Jay Gatsby. What the quote then means, relating to the novels plot, Is that Gatsby is trying to win Daisy over by using materialistic things in order to regain her affection towards him. For example, he intentionally buys a mansion across the bay from the Buchannan, and has extravagant parties in which he does not enjoy, lust to amaze, impress, and flaunt his wealth to her. Gatsby metaphorically wears a gold hat and bounces high to win Daisy. The line the gold hat, if that will move her means Gatsby will do anything to win her over. The hat itself symbolizes the mansion and parties, while the color gold represents his wealth and the money eased on these unnecessary things. The line If you can bounce high, bounce for her too essentially means the same thing: Gatsby doing whatever he can to win Daisy. A major theme this quote introduces is the American Dream. It explains how Gatsby is willing to do anything in order to achieve a relationship with Daisy, and if Gatsby achieves that, it would fulfill his American Dream. Epigraph Analysis: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald By 1 tailored ENUM 4 July 2014 Then wear the gold hat, if that will move her; If you can bounce high, bounce for tote is the epigraph of the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and it holds much meaning to what the novel is about by foreshadowing part of the plot and introducing a major theme and the setting. The pronouns used in this quote refer to specific characters in the novel; she refers to Daisy Buchannan, and the lover refers to Jay Gatsby. What the quote then means, relating to the novels plot, is just to amaze, impress, and flaunt his wealth to her. Gatsby metaphorically wears a gold hat and bounces high to win Daisy.

Tree Planting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tree Planting - Essay Example If you are planting a tree just for the purpose of planting, your choice may differ. However, if you are planting the tree so that you can grow it and eat its fruit your overall effort may be different. It is therefore extremely important to define the purpose for which the tree is being planted. 2. Selecting the right time of the year is another important step because not all trees can be planted in every season. Planting trees in summer or late spring may not be suitable as the heat may not allow the plan to grow properly and may ultimately die down. It is critical that right time of the year must be chosen to plan the tree. 3. Digging the hole in right size and width is another important step to be performed in order to successfully plant the tree. Many a times, people dig holes which are either large or wider and thus may not be suitable for the planting of the tree. One can learn from the intuition as to what should be the right width and depth of the hole considering the size of the tree being planted. A typical standard to dig the hole of right size is to dig it at least twice as large as the root ball of the tree. You may also need to check the local requirements for digging the hole of right size especially if you are digging it near a telephone booth or other public places. There may be certain restrictions on digging the hole over the particular size in local areas so better check with the local requirements. 4. Once hole is dug, next step is to place the tree in the hole in a manner that it can easily fit the tree inside the hole. The overall process to place the tree in the hole is however, different for large and small trees. If you are planting a small tree, it is easier to upside down the pot and remove the tree to plant it. However, if the tree is large, you may require a large scissor or knife to actually cut through the packing and then place the tree in the hole of right size. Sometimes, large trees have

Acute pancreatitis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Acute pancreatitis - Essay Example The very first assessment involved collecting the patient’s blood sample for testing and the results indicated that she had increased levels of digestive enzymes known as serum amylase. When these enzymes leak out of a malfunctioning pancreas, some is taken up into the blood, where high levels may be detected. As with other inflammatory condition, C-reactive protein (CRP) was also reported to be high. Higher levels of CRP indicate other serious diseases with a poor prognosis. Together with such signs and symptoms as sudden bloated stomach, abdominal pain, and ultrasound, the above increases attested to the presence of gall stones. In addition, a swollen pancreas was an indication that Mrs A was suffering from acute pancreatitis. This essay will define acute pancreatitis; explains its aetiology; its associated pathophysiology; as well as its pertinent epidemiology. It also looks at two interventions (examination of the levels of blood glucose and intravenous paracetamol adminis tration) that were applied in the management of the patient’s condition and gives an appraisal of the care applied towards meeting her needs. Although pancreatitis may be acute or chronic (Smith & Fawcett, 2006), the focus of this paper is on acute pancreatitis. As Smith & Fawcett explain, the pancreas is an elongated, slender organ located at the left upper side of the abdomen. Acute pancreatitis refers to a kind of inflammation that occurs rapidly causing an elevated level of pancreatic enzymes in the blood as well as upper abdominal pain (Zara, 2010). Acute pancreatitis occurs in two types namely necrotizing acute pancreatitis and interstitial pancreatitis, which accounts for eighty percent of all cases of acute pancreatitis (Zara, 2010). Research by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) (2005) indicates that in the United Kingdom, the frequency of acute pancreatitis is getting higher – it ranges from 150-420 cases for every million populations. Acute pancre atitis may result from surgery, drugs, or trauma (Burruss & Holz, 2005). However, alcohol and gallstones bring lead to about eighty per cent of this condition (BSG, 2005). Nevertheless, Sargent (2006) explains that ten percent of acute pancreatitis could be idiopathic, meaning that a diagnostic cause has not been recognized. Ultra sound results on Mrs A confirmed that she had gallstones. Finding out her condition’s underlying root could consequently greatly enhance her condition’s management and it may as well assist in the prevention of more attacks. Even though it is generally agreed that this condition entails an intricate flow of incidents that begin in the acinar cell of the pancreas, it is not clear the way in which the particular method through which acute pancreatitis arises (Madhav et al., 2005). According to Parker (2004), one generally acceptable and common presumption is the fact this condition results from pancreatic acini’s disruption or injury, wh ich allows the seepage of such enzymes from the pancreas as elastase, chymotrypsin as well as trypsin into pancreatic tissue. The seeped enzymes are activated in this tissue, thereby instigating auto digestion as well as acute pancreatitis, as Parker explains (2004). Elastase, trypsin, and lipase activation breaks the cell membranes as well as the tissue down, leading to vascular destruction, haemorrhage, necrosis, as well as oedema (Madhav, et al., 2005). Once this takes place, it leads to an abrupt incisive pain in the upper abdominal region further (Holcomb, 2007). In most cases, the ache spreads out s to the backside and in most cases, it is linked to vomiting along with nausea. The